Types of Computer Networks:
Networks can be characterized
using one or more technical or operational attributes (e.g., type of technology
or number of connected users and devices). One common attribute used to
categorize networks is geographic area or span, where a network is labeled on
the basis of the physical area it covers.
The five most common types of
networks in terms of geographic area from the smallest to the largest are:
1.
Personal area
networks (PANs).
2.
Local area
networks (LANs).
3.
Campus area
networks (CANs).
4.
Metropolitan area
networks (MANs).
5 .
Wide area
networks (WANs).
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Personal
Area Networks (PANs):
PANs
cover areas generally associated with individual workspaces (e.g., a home
office or an office cubicle). Within these spaces, individual networks
connecting two or more devices may be enabled using wireless technologies.
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| pan |
Local Area Networks (LANs)
A local
area network, or LAN, is a network in which
computers are relatively close together, such as within the same office or
building. Note that the term LAN doesn’t imply that the network is small. A LAN can, in
fact, contain hundreds or even thousands of computers. (typically within 300 feet of each other, though greater
distances are possible with special equipment).
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| lan |
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Wide area networks:
A wide area network, or
WAN, is a network that spans
a large geographic territory, such as an entire city or region, or even
an entire country. WANs are typically used to connect two or more LANs
that are relatively far apart. For example, a WAN may connect an office
in San Francisco with an office in New York the
WAN will have a total of two computers but will span more than 3,000 miles..
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| wan |
Metropolitan area networks:
A metropolitan area network, or MAN, is
a network that’s smaller than a typical WAN but larger than a LAN. Typically,
a MAN connects two or more LANs that are within the same city
but are far enough apart that the networks can’t be connected using a
simple cable or wireless connection.
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| man |
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Campus Area Networks (CANs)
CANs are
created by linking the LANs located in two or more buildings that are in close
proximity to each other, as shown in Figure 1.8. Connections between the
buildings can be made using cabling or wireless technologies.
NOTE: The term campus LAN is also used to describe a CAN.
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| CAN |
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